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Hoan Kiem Lake is one of the most famous and beautiful landmarks in Hanoi, the thousand-year cultural capital of Vietnam. What mysteries of history and culture does this place hold? Let's discover this fascinating location with BDATrip!
Hoan Kiem Lake, known as Sword Lake, is not only a scenic spot but also a rich historical and cultural treasure trove. Nestled in the heart of Hanoi, this lake has witnessed countless transformations of the city over the centuries. What makes Sword Lake truly special is the unique blend of legend, history, and natural beauty that continues to captivate both locals and tourists.
The formation of the lake dates back over 1000 years, originating from the To Lich River that once meandered through the old quarters of Hanoi. Over time, geological changes and urban development transformed this water body into the breathtaking lake we see today. Its shimmering surface, bordered by lush trees and bustling streets, reflects the soul of Hanoi – a harmonious coexistence of ancient traditions and modern life.
The legend of Hoan Kiem Lake is deeply rooted in Vietnamese history. According to the tale, King Le Loi was granted a magical sword by the Dragon King, which he used to defeat the Ming invaders. One day, while boating on the lake, a golden turtle emerged and reclaimed the sword, signifying the end of conflict and the return to peace. This moment gave the lake its name, “Hoan Kiem,” or “Returned Sword.” Today, this legend is celebrated as a symbol of Vietnam’s resilience and patriotism.
Adding to its allure is the Turtle Tower, standing gracefully on a small island in the middle of the lake. The tower, often compared to a sword upright in its scabbard, is a poignant reminder of the lake’s historical significance. Visitors exploring the lake often list it as one of the best things to do in Hanoi. By day or night, the view of the Turtle Tower encapsulates the timeless beauty of Hoan Kiem Lake.
The name "Hoan Kiem" carries profound historical and cultural significance. Derived from the Vietnamese words for “returned sword,” the name is intrinsically tied to the legend of King Le Loi and the Golden Turtle. This story is more than a mere fable; it is a reflection of Vietnam’s spirit of independence and determination.
Legend has it that in the 15th century, King Le Loi led a successful rebellion against the Ming dynasty, aided by a magical sword bestowed by the Dragon King. This sword symbolized divine intervention and the righteousness of the Vietnamese cause. After the victory, while the king was boating on the lake, a golden turtle surfaced and asked for the sword’s return. Recognizing this as a divine signal, Le Loi surrendered the sword, and the lake was named Hoan Kiem to commemorate this act.
Over the years, the lake has been called by many names, each reflecting a different aspect of its character:
Each name underscores a facet of the lake’s role in Hanoi’s history and the lives of its people. Visitors today are drawn to this iconic site not only for its picturesque scenery but also for its cultural depth, making it a top recommendation among places to visit in Hanoi.
One of the most fascinating aspects of Hoan Kiem Lake is its legendary turtles, regarded as sacred symbols by the Vietnamese. These creatures, belonging to the Rafetus leloii species, hold a special place in Hanoi’s cultural identity and mythology. Often called "guardians of the lake," these turtles are believed to bring good fortune and protect the city from harm.
Historically, these turtles have been associated with the legend of King Le Loi. Kim Quy, the Golden Turtle, is said to have surfaced at key moments in Vietnam’s history, offering guidance and protection. Beyond the legend, the real turtles of Hoan Kiem Lake have captivated scientists and conservationists for years due to their rarity. Measuring up to 2 meters in length and weighing over 200 kilograms, these turtles are among the largest freshwater species in the world.
However, their existence is under threat. With only one or two turtles believed to remain, conservation efforts are crucial. Pollution, climate change, and urbanization pose significant challenges to their survival. The last known turtle passed away in 2016, leaving a void that many Hanoi residents mourned deeply. Despite this, the turtle remains a powerful symbol of the lake’s history and its connection to Vietnamese resilience.
Visitors can view a preserved turtle specimen at Ngoc Son Temple, where it serves as a reminder of the species' importance. This cultural artifact is a testament to the enduring bond between the people of Hanoi and the sacred turtles of Hoan Kiem Lake. For those seeking meaningful Hanoi attractions, the story of the turtles adds depth to any visit.
Hoan Kiem Lake is located in the heart of Vietnam's capital, Hanoi, covering an area of about 12 hectares. It includes two parts: the main lake and a smaller section within the Ngoc Son Temple. The lake lies on the boundary between Hoan Kiem and Ba Dinh districts, primarily belonging to Hoan Kiem district.
To reach the lake, visitors can use various modes of transport, depending on their needs and circumstances:
- Bus: An economical and eco-friendly option, suitable for those who want to experience life in Hanoi. Buses can be boarded from various locations, and visitors can alight at stations near the lake. The bus fare is 7,000 VND per trip.
- Taxi: A quick and convenient method, ideal for visitors with limited time. Taxis can be hailed or called from many places, and the driver can be asked to go to the lake. The average taxi fare is 15,000 VND per kilometer.
- Personal Transport: A flexible and independent option, suitable for visitors who want to explore Hanoi on their own. Motorbikes, bicycles, electric bikes, etc., can be used to reach the lake.
Upon arriving at the lake, visitors can park their vehicles at public parking areas managed by local authorities, located around the lake, with parking fees ranging from 5,000 to 20,000 VND. There are also private parking lots and unofficial parking areas, but visitors should be cautious and aware of the parking fees.
The Turtle Tower, or Tháp Rùa, is one of the most iconic structures of Hanoi and a must-see among Hanoi attractions. Situated on a small island in the center of Hoan Kiem Lake, the tower is a testament to the deep cultural and historical significance of the lake.
Constructed in the 19th century during the Nguyen Dynasty, the Turtle Tower was built to honor Le Loi's legend and to house a Buddhist temple. Its architecture reflects a blend of French colonial influences and traditional Vietnamese design, standing tall at approximately 15 meters. Divided into three levels, the tower features a red-tiled roof and intricately carved patterns. From afar, the Turtle Tower resembles a sword standing upright, symbolizing peace and resilience.
Visitors can admire the tower from various vantage points around the lake, especially during the evening when it is illuminated, casting shimmering reflections on the water. Although access to the tower is restricted, its view is enough to capture the serene beauty of Hoan Kiem Lake. Many visitors list it as one of the best things to do in Hanoi for its picturesque charm and historical resonance.
Nestled on Jade Island in Hoan Kiem Lake, Ngoc Son Temple is one of the most sacred sites in Hanoi. Built in the 18th century, the temple is dedicated to several revered figures, including Tran Hung Dao, a legendary general who defeated the Mongols, and Quan Van Truong, a symbol of loyalty and righteousness. It also pays homage to Van Xuong, the god of literature, highlighting the temple’s spiritual and educational significance.
The temple’s unique architecture harmoniously integrates natural elements with traditional Vietnamese designs. Visitors enter through the Tam Quan Gate, adorned with ancient calligraphy and mythical symbols. Inside, they will find the Dai Nghiem Pavilion, a serene space for worship, and the Thap But Tower, symbolizing intellectual enlightenment.
One of the highlights is the preserved turtle specimen on display, which connects the temple to the lake’s legendary turtles. Visitors often explore the temple as part of their journey through places to visit in Hanoi, enjoying its peaceful ambiance and historical artifacts. The entrance fee is modest, allowing anyone to immerse themselves in Hanoi’s rich cultural tapestry.
Connecting the shore of Hoan Kiem Lake to Ngoc Son Temple, The Huc Bridge is a striking red-painted wooden bridge that has become an enduring symbol of Hanoi. The name "The Huc" translates to "the place where the morning sunlight rests," reflecting its serene beauty during sunrise.
Built in the mid-19th century by scholar Nguyen Van Sieu, the bridge features 15 spans joined by traditional iron nails. Its vivid red hue contrasts beautifully with the green waters of the lake, making it a favorite spot for photographers and tourists alike.
Walking across The Huc Bridge feels like stepping into a different era. Visitors can pause to take in the panoramic views of Hoan Kiem Lake, the legendary Turtle Tower, and the surrounding historic landmarks. This bridge is often included in guides to the best things to do in Hanoi, offering not just a passage to Ngoc Son Temple but an experience of Hanoi’s cultural heart.
Located near the northern edge of Hoan Kiem Lake, the Thang Long Water Puppet Theatre is a must-visit for anyone seeking to experience authentic Vietnamese culture. This UNESCO-recognized art form originated in the Red River Delta over 1000 years ago, and the theatre has preserved its traditions while modernizing performances for contemporary audiences.
The shows feature vibrant wooden puppets performing on a water stage, controlled by skilled artists hidden behind bamboo screens. Accompanied by live music from traditional Vietnamese instruments like the đàn bầu and đàn tranh, the performances depict scenes of rural life, historical events, and folklore. The legend of the Golden Turtle often takes center stage in these captivating productions.
Each show lasts about 50 minutes and costs 100,000 VND per ticket. Visitors are advised to book tickets in advance to secure good seats. Attending a show here is consistently ranked as one of the top things to do in Hanoi for families, cultural enthusiasts, and international visitors.
Just a short walk from Hoan Kiem Lake lies Trang Tien Plaza, one of Hanoi’s most upscale shopping centers. Built in 2001, the plaza has become a landmark for high-end shopping, dining, and entertainment, catering to both locals and international tourists.
The plaza boasts an impressive array of luxury brands, including Chanel, Gucci, and Louis Vuitton, alongside local boutiques offering unique Vietnamese products. Beyond shopping, Trang Tien Plaza features gourmet restaurants, elegant cafes, and modern cinemas, making it a versatile destination for leisure.
The interior design of the plaza reflects a modern aesthetic with spacious corridors, bright lighting, and tasteful decor. Visitors can enjoy a day exploring the plaza after a walk around Hoan Kiem Lake, making it an excellent addition to any Hanoi old quarter attraction itinerary.
Hoan Kiem Lake is not only a beautiful and famous sightseeing spot but also a source of inspiration for delicious dishes and distinctive specialties, attracting visitors.
Some notable local delicacies in this area include:
- Trang Tien ice cream: A renowned Hanoi ice cream brand since 1958, featuring flavors like vanilla, chocolate, strawberry, mango, and coffee, made from fresh milk and natural ingredients. The main store is at 35 Trang Tien, with prices ranging from 5,000 to 15,000 VND.
- Thanh Tri steamed rice rolls: Made from rice flour, pork, mushrooms, onions, and fish sauce, these rolls are famous for their thin, soft wrappers and savory fillings, often served with cinnamon pork sausages or Vietnamese ham. The most popular restaurant is at 14 Hang Ga, with prices ranging from 20,000 to 40,000 VND per serving.
- Bun cha Hang Manh: A special dish made with rice noodles, pork, fish sauce, sugar, chili, garlic, lime, and fresh herbs. The grilled pork over charcoal offers a delicious aroma, combined with soft rice noodles and spicy fish sauce. The most famous restaurant is at 1 Hang Manh, with prices ranging from 30,000 to 50,000 VND per serving.
- Pho bo Hang Trong: The pho here is famous for its sweet, fragrant broth made from beef bones and spices. The most famous restaurant is at 1 Hang Trong, with prices ranging from 30,000 to 50,000 VND per bowl.
Hoan Kiem Lake is not only rich in cultural, historical, and spiritual values but also offers a variety of attractive sightseeing and entertainment options for visitors to explore and experience. Be sure to visit this exciting location today!
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